在 Ubuntu 18.04 将 Tomcat 添加到开机启动

 wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.41/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.41.tar.gz # 下载压缩包
 sudo apt install -y default-jdk # 安装 JDK
 sudo useradd -r -m -U -d /opt/tomcat -s /bin/false tomcat # 同时创建tomcat用户、tomcat用户组、/opt/tomcat文件夹
 sudo tar -xf apache-tomcat-*.tar.gz -C /opt/tomcat --strip-components=1 # 解压
 sudo chown -R tomcat: /opt/tomcat # 更改目录所有者和组，不要省略冒号
 sudo sh -c 'chmod +x /opt/tomcat/bin/*.sh' # 添加执行权限

# 添加开机启动
sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
# 内容如下
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat servlet container
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=tomcat
Group=tomcat
# 注意修改为自己的java安装地址
Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/default-java"
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.security.egd=file:///dev/urandom -Djava.awt.headless=true"
# 注意修改为自己安装tomcat的地址
Environment="CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat"
Environment="CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat"
Environment="CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/temp/tomcat.pid"
Environment="CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC"
ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 保存退出后执行
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start tomcat
sudo systemctl enable tomcat